French architect and archaeologist. Born, Cairo 1874. Died, Cairo 1952. Trained at the national school of Arts et Métiers, Aix-en-Provence. Involved in the restoration and clearance of the Great Sphinx. Worked at many sites including Giza, Saqqara, Maidum, Abydos, Ashmunein, Kharga Oasis, Dendera, and Thebes where he worked in the Valley of the Kings, the Ramesseum, the Ptolemaic temple at Deir el-Medina, and especially the temple of Hatshepsut at Deir el-Bahri (Deir el-Bahari), Thebes. Also cleared parts of the Luxor temple and was involved in the Nubian temples salvage campaign.