German missionary and collector; he was born in Erfurt, Prussia, 29 May 1798, son of Christian Wilhelm L. master shoemaker, and Anna Maria Bormann; he worked for many years in Cairo under the Church Missionary Society, 1825-62; he was ordained priest in the Church of England, 1842, and revised the New Testament in Coptic and Arabic for the SPCK; he translated into Arabic the Homilies of St. Chrysostom and other works; Member of the Egyptian Society of Cairo, 1836; he was hostile to Mariette; he married 1838/9 Alice Holliday (d.Cairo, 1868) who made squeezes of many Egyptian monuments which are now in the Griffith Institute, Oxford and Grantham Museum; they collected Egyptian antiquities and in 1861 Lord Amherst purchased the collection of 186 items for £200, the inventory of which is now in the Eg. Dept. of the British Museum; in the preface to the Amherst Sale Catalogue (1921) he is wrongly called `the Revd W. Leider'; he died of cholera in Cairo, 6 July 1865.

• See Who Was Who in Egyptology (4th ed. 2012), 332-3 (Rudolph Theophilus Lieder).