German Egyptologist. Born, Caracas 1876. Died, Uppsala 1921. Studied at Berlin under Erman, 1896-1900. PhD, 1900. Then excavated in Egypt and was attached to the German consulate, 1901-7. Was appointed to the staff of Berlin Museum, later becoming Assistant Director of the Egyptian collections, 1907. Habilitation, 1912. Lectured at Berlin, 1913-6, 1918-22. Professor, 1916. Excavated in Egypt, particularly at Abusir el-Melek. He was an all-round Egyptologist and produced an edition of the Rhind Demotic Bilingual Papyri, a volume on goldsmith's work in Berlin Museum, and another on Mummy Portraits, but his most important work was in the field of hieratic texts and palaeography. At the time of his death he was preparing works on the graffiti in the Hatnub quarry, hieroglyphic palaeography, and the history of the Libyans.